The impact of GDP, human development, unemployment, and globalization on obesity

This paper examines the impact of GDP, human development, unemployment and globalization on obesity rates in EU countries from 1990 to 2019. Hausman’s test was applied for fixed random effects panel data. The Pesaran Hsiao tests assessed cross-sectional dependence homogeneity (heterogeneity) slope between countries. A second generation unit root carried out using CIPS by Pesaran, Westerlund used cointegration. Mean group (MG) pooled mean (PMG) estimations were allow a higher degree heterogeneity parameters growth regressions. Finally, detect causality heterogeneous units, dependence, we Dumitrescu–Hurlin test. results analysis showed that variables are cross-sectionally dependent as well stationary at first difference. cointegration show explanatory move together long-run all Human development has negative 27 countries, while have positive obesity. Globalization considered be most influential factors affecting Hence, governments should pay great attention these aspects.